Embedded Files
We delivers scalable, safety-compliant EV system architecture for OEMs, Tier-1 suppliers, and smart mobility startups. With 17+ years of embedded software experience, we specialize in firmware development, diagnostics, and AUTOSAR integration.
Powertrain Coordination ECU
The Electronic Control Unit acts as the central brain of the electric vehicle, orchestrating real-time communication and control across all major subsystems. It ensures synchronized operation, safety compliance, and performance optimization.
🧠 Key Functions:
Subsystem Integration: Coordinates Motor Controller, Battery Management System (BMS), On-board Charger, Throttle Position Sensor (TPS), Brake System, Hill Assist, and Power Transfer Unit (PTU).
Real-Time Communication: Implements CAN-based messaging for low-latency data exchange between ECUs, sensors, and actuators.
Safety & Fault Handling: Monitors system health, triggers fault isolation routines, and ensures fallback mechanisms in case of subsystem failure.
Thermal & Energy Management: Regulates PTU temperature, battery load balancing, and regenerative braking logic to maximize efficiency.
Drive Logic Control: Interprets throttle and brake inputs to modulate torque delivery, speed control, and hill assist activation.
🔋 Battery Management System (BMS)
The Battery Management System (BMS) is the intelligent control layer that monitors, protects, and optimizes the performance of high-voltage battery packs in electric vehicles. It ensures safe operation, longevity, and real-time responsiveness across all driving conditions.
🧠 Core Functions:
Cell Monitoring: Continuously tracks voltage, current, and temperature of individual cells, modules, and packs.
State Estimation: Calculates State of Charge (SoC), State of Health (SoH), and Depth of Discharge (DoD) using advanced algorithms.
Balancing Logic: Equalizes charge across cells to prevent overcharging or undercharging, using passive or active balancing techniques.
Fault Detection & Isolation: Identifies anomalies such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, short circuits, and thermal runaway — triggering protective actions.
Communication Interface: Exchanges diagnostic and control data with vehicle ECUs via CAN, LIN, or Ethernet protocols.
⚙️ Fuel Cell Stack Control ECU
The Fuel Cell Stack Control ECU is the central controller responsible for managing the operation, safety, and efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell systems in electric vehicles. It ensures precise coordination between hydrogen and oxygen intake, stack voltage regulation, thermal management, and diagnostic feedback.
🔧 Core Functions:
Reactant Flow Regulation: Controls hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) input to the fuel cell stack via valves and flow sensors, optimizing for load demand and stack health.
Voltage & Current Monitoring: Tracks output voltage and current from the stack to ensure stable power delivery and prevent overvoltage or under voltage conditions.
Temperature Management: Interfaces with stack temperature sensors and cooling systems to maintain optimal operating conditions and prevent thermal degradation.
Water & Humidity Control: Manages water byproduct removal and humidification levels to maintain membrane integrity and prevent flooding or drying.
Fault Detection & Isolation: Monitors for hydrogen leaks, stack imbalance, short circuits, and sensor failures. Initiates protective shutdowns or fallback modes.
Communication Interface: Exchanges real-time data with vehicle master ECU, BMS, and dashboard via CAN, LIN, or Ethernet protocols.
⚙️ Motor Controller (FOC)
The Field-Oriented Control (FOC) motor controller is a precision algorithm-based system used to regulate torque and speed in electric motors, especially in EV traction applications. It transforms raw electrical signals into smooth, efficient motor performance using advanced mathematical models.
🧠 Core Functions:
Clarke & Park Transforms: Converts 3-phase AC signals into orthogonal components (d-q axis) for simplified vector control in the rotating reference frame.
PI Tuning: Implements Proportional-Integral control loops to regulate current and torque response, ensuring stability and responsiveness under dynamic load conditions.
PWM Generation: Produces high-frequency Pulse Width Modulation signals to drive the inverter, controlling motor phase currents with precision.
Torque & Speed Control: Calculates real-time torque demand from throttle input and adjusts motor speed accordingly, optimizing for efficiency and performance.
Sensor Feedback Integration: Uses rotor position sensors (e.g., Hall effect, encoder) or sensor less algorithms to synchronize control signals with rotor dynamics.
⚡ Charging Systems (GB/T & CCS)
EV charging systems are designed to support multiple international standards, ensuring compatibility, safety, and efficient energy transfer across diverse infrastructure. The GB/T (China) and CCS (Combined Charging System – Europe/US) protocols represent two major global standards for AC and DC charging.
🔌 Core Functions:
Handshake Logic: Initiates secure communication between the EV and charging station, verifying connector type, voltage level, and current capacity before power flow begins.
Fault Detection & Isolation: Monitors for overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, ground faults, and connector misalignment. Triggers protective shutdowns or alerts as needed.
PLCC-Based Communication: Uses Power Line Carrier Communication (PLCC) to transmit control signals over the same lines used for power delivery — enabling real-time negotiation of charging parameters.
Multi-Standard Compatibility: Supports both GB/T and CCS connectors, allowing seamless operation across regional charging networks. Includes logic for AC (single/three-phase) and DC fast charging.
Thermal & Voltage Monitoring: Tracks connector temperature, cable resistance, and voltage fluctuations to ensure safe and efficient charging.
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